Snapple Case - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 917 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/09/16 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Snapple case 1. severity The severity of this of this problem is showing in exhibit 1. Where total case sales of the first 5 months of 1992 were 6,8 million the sales of the first 5 months of 1993 were 15,3 million cases. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Snapple Case" essay for you Create order So that’s an increase of 225% in sales. And when you look at figure 1 you can really see the severity of the problem. Because normally the first five months are only 27,91% of the total sales in a year. So normal sales volume would be 24,3 million cases. But if the increase in demand stays at the same level in the second part of 1993 then total predicted sales for all Snapple products will be 54,8 million cases. This large increase in sales comes from Tea drinks which double and Fruit drinks that triple. And also soda increases 41%. This means for Snapple to overcome their shortages they need to more than double their normal production. 2. The problem The main problem in this case is that Snapple at some point in time became unable to meet demand for their products. The demand for Snapple’s products is highly unpredictable and this leads to several reasons that explain the inability to meet demand. Snapple does not have its own production company; instead, everything is outsourced to independent companies based on fixed production quantity contracts. This leads to a limited production flexibility when demand fluctuates. When the shortage became nationwide due to the increase in demand, Snapple’s product could not be shipped from anywhere and they lacked the ability to meet demand. In addition, Snapple forecasts demand for a year and base the quantity in the production contract s on this forecast. However, because demand is so variable, a year is to long a period for making a decent prediction. Another problem is the centralized product development, purchasing, inventory and shipping activities at headquarters. Because Snapple operates in several different markets – juices, sport drinks, tea, all with different needs in terms of promotion, demand, distribution points, etc. – it is not ideal to centralize all decision-making. Snapple’s market should not be seen as a whole, but as several independent and diverse markets with different needs. Snapple has a large variety of products on offer. Even though product differentiation is one of their objectives, it aides in making demand highly unpredictable. 3. Short term solutions In order to frame our solutions, we have defined â€Å"short term solutions† by those that can be achieved within 3 months. A short term, but possibly expensive, solution could be to contract independent companies in or outside the nation (for instance overseas) to supply product during peak demand. On the short term, an option would be to discontinue the production of many of Snapple’s products that together count for only a marginal part of their revenue stream. Exhibit 2 indicates that 10 of their most popular products count for over 75% of sales. It also shows that 33 of their least popular products account for 5% of sales. Our suggestion would be, based on the current research data, to cancel production of these 33 products and use that production capacity to produce more of the popular products to meet the increased demand. This is not a large group of products in production quantity, but it does improve the predictability of demand. On the other side the large product variation is indicated to be an important property of the company. Therefore this might not be a good solution. In order to make demand more predictable, promotion activities should be in line with inventory levels of the different products. In other words, promotion should be targeted at products that are readily available with little chance of a stock out. 4. Long term solutions Long term solutions are those that we feel cannot be accomplished within a 3 month period. Outsourcing all production on the basis of fixed contracts has proven to be inflexible and Snapple would be wise to invest in its own production facility. Part of the outsourced work could then be handled by themselves and it would also allow them to handle peak demands by increasing the utilization and temporarily producing extra output. This solution has been derived from Fisher’s article on functional vs. innovative products. For a product characterized by unpredictable demand, a market-responsive supply chain is recommended (Fisher, M. Harvard Business School Publishing). Such a supply chain is more able to respond to unpredictable demand to minimize stock outs, which has become the problem for Snapple. Their current supply chain is what Fisher calls â€Å"Physically efficient†, and does not match the product. Because demand is so volatile, a solution could be to adjust yearly forecasts more often, for instance monthly. This would allow Snapple to bring production more in line with demand. However, the question is whether the independent production companies are able to cope with a monthly change in production quantity, in stead of a yearly one. Decentralization in decision-making should be the long term goal. Different markets require different approaches and therefore marketing attempts should be tailored to specific market needs. For instance, the allocation of production capacity depends on the demand per market. The use of dedicated business units per market can provide the necessary focus. A thorough market research could indicate which of the remaining 26 products will continue to be profitable in the long run, and which ones can be discontinued, or which should be returned to the shelves. This could allow Snapple to further adjust their product range and focus on meeting demand for this selection.

Foreign Policy International Politics And Relations...

Geopolitics is a study of foreign policy to understand international politics and relations through various variables. A geopolitical environment refers to a region’s political circumstance while considering the nations geology, history, religion, culture, administrative structure, and financial circumstances. It is also applied to a single country’s political situation given their geographic realities or the environment of the entire continent. The United Kingdom s prospective withdrawal from the European Union is widely known as Brexit. The result of the June 23 referendum in the United Kingdom could lead to the first instance of a member of the European Union leaving the Union’s ranks. Beyond the social and economic impact of such a†¦show more content†¦May’s comments which would initiate Article 50, which would give 2 years of time before the entire separation will happen. So, because of this article, British would leave the European Union in March -2019. This would mean the European laws wouldn’t apply on UK anymore and that UK will have its own rules and regulation when it comes to trade immigration, etc. This shocked was immediately followed by Scottish people doing major riots for Scottish exit from the UK as they feel they would be entirely under the British which they didn’t really enjoy. There was a huge response from the various countries and their great leaders. Brexit has an effect on the economy in a number of ways such as GBP hitting the all-time low since 1985. This exit proved to come at a cost of worldwide markets along with GBP losing its top position in the AAA FICO. To prevent the UK from slipping into further economical low, the BOE has decreased the loan fees to prevent the above from happening. The entire situation puts doubts in everyone’s mind what would happen once the UK exits and how it would affect the new exchange globally. This also gives UK an option to either leave the EU completely or stay a part of the EU market for the monetary zone. This also gave Russia to focus more on the Ukraine end and reduce its efforts towards the reducing oil prices. EU union was aggressive with their comments saying the remote companies would no longer work remotely asShow MoreRelatedFuture of Arab countries relations after revolutions900 Words   |  4 PagesFuture of Arab countries relations after revolutions Mohamed Abdelaziem Elchime Since the Arab revolutions in Tunisia , Egypt, Libya and Yemen , as well as in Syria mounts to talk about the impact of these revolutions on the Arab political scene in general and the Arab relations - Arab , Will lead variables internal politics which will be witnessed by those countries to reforms in other states and whether led to change in the structure of the Arab political scene in general. key words: ThisRead MoreEssay about President Bush And Us Foreign Policy1683 Words   |  7 Pagesrepublican and in the end the American people chose a new leader Mr. George w. Bush. President Bush clearly defined foreign policy objectives and goals. 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Argumentative Essay free essay sample

Seifeddine Souid| 06/05/2013| What extra class should MSB offer outside of the business domain? | The Mediterranean School of Business offer a License program which represents a unique opportunity for ambitious graduates wanting to acquire, in a multi-cultural environment, managerial skills and leadership opening their professional horizons internationally. The curriculum that MSB made, has a diversified and coherent business Curriculum in which you found from analytic subjects such as Math I amp; II, Business Statistics, Accounting and so on, to Soft skills subjects like Management and Leadership Development and Human Resources Management and also gives classes about new innovative technologies such MIS I amp; II, and to complete their well selected choices, the faculty choose 3 extra business subjects to add diversification which are Psychology, sociology and American History amp; Society. But still I think that it is not enough or let’s say we can improve it by adding another extra business domain subject which Art class. More than 293 billion cigarettes were purchased in the U.S. during 2012 alone. At first glance it seems like a huge amount of money that the country can lose if the government prohibits the production and sale of cigarettes, but this is not true. The U.S. will lose much more than they profit if cigarettes remain available to the public. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention states that the U.S. spends billions of dollars each year because of tobacco use. To be precise, 193 billion is spent each year. This includes 97 billion in lost productivity, and 96 billion in health care expenditures. Another argument against smoking bans is that they go against freedom of choice. Society tends to accept people who do things that hurt themselves, as long as it doesn’t hurt others in the process. Smokers may feel that their smoking habits don’t affect those around them, but the truth is that it does. According to eHow Health contributor, Auselio Locsin, smoking fills the air with harmful pollutants that cause unpleasant smells and discoloration in clothing. Along with the unpleasant odor that clings to anyone exposed to the smoke, there are also health risks. In an article by Amanda Rumble, eHow Health contributor, she states that passive smoking, or secondhand smoke exposure is responsible for many cases of asthma in children and adults. The primary argument for  smoking bans is the effects of smoking on others. Smoking is hazardous to other people’s long-term health. As stated earlier, smoking does not just affect the smoker, but those around them as well. According to the U.S. Surgeon General, breathing other people’s smoke, known as secondhand smoke, can shorten a person’s lifespan. Secondhand smoke also causes cancers and respiratory diseases in both children and adults. In fact, secondhand smoke often contains more cancer causing and toxic chemicals than those found in smoke that the smoker inhales himself. The New Jersey Department of Health Services states that secondhand smoke is responsible for 53,000 deaths of non-smokers each year, the third leading cause of preventable death. Secondhand smoke also contributes to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, and statistics show that infants who are exposed to smoke are twice as likely to die from SIDS. Another reason the production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal, is because they are highly addictive due to the nicotine found in them. According to the Greater Dallas Council on Alcohol and Drug Abuse, people would not smoke tobacco if it wasn’t for nicotine. This clear liquid, which is found in tobacco, acts on the brain and alters moods, appetites, and alertness. Nicotine is highly addictive, and once smokers get a taste of it, they will soon always have a need to smoke it. Because nicotine is so addictive, it is very difficult to quit smoking, and quitting can cause unpleasant symptoms of withdrawal. As smokers continue to smoke over time and consume nicotine, they will experience long-term effects including cancer of the mouth, esophagus, lungs, kidneys, bladder, and larynx. According to the U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention, another dangerous side effect of nicotine consumption is loss of life. In the late 1990s, the CDC estimated that female smokers lost 14.5 years of their lives, and males lost 13.2 years as a result of smoking. It is clear that smoking is a dangerous habit that affects people in many different ways. If we want to help eliminate unnecessary deaths and illnesses, it is important to take steps to rid our country of tobacco products. Making the production and sale of cigarettes illegal will be beneficial to the overall health of our country in the long run.

The Clementine Conundrum free essay sample

I was excited when I passed my state boards to become an EMT. I was delighted when I earned my first award at a forensics competition. And I was thrilled when I placed at my first national rowing regatta. But I was truly ecstatic when I thought I had cracked the code. The algorithm of all algorithms. The formula that would potentially alter my dining experience for the rest of my (hopefully) fruitful existence. I thought I had determined the exact external indicators for a seedless clementine. â€Å"Why would anybody care?† you might ask. And I would reply, â€Å"Have you ever had lunch with someone who was eating a seeded clementine orange? Did you not think it was disgusting when every couple of seconds they had to spit out seeds?† Its basically the social equivalent of gagging at the table. Something had to be done. So, I ate clementines like it was my job (at home, of course), taking careful note of the peel thickness, color, texture, smell, and â€Å"button† size. We will write a custom essay sample on The Clementine Conundrum or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After a couple of weeks, I thought I had it. The characteristics of a seeded clementine, so that when I packed my lunch in the morning, I could choose a clementine that would allow me eat without fear of gagging on seeds. I enjoyed seedless clementines at lunch for a couple of weeks, and merely laughed at others trying to subtly spit seeds into their napkins. Alas, eventually my algorithm failed. One sunny Tuesday, I sat down for lunch, peeled my clementine, placed a segment into my mouth, and was greeted with a mouthful of seeds. Somewhere, the clementine gods are laughing at me. But, mark my words, clementine gods: I will conquer you. Someday I will find the momentous algorithm, and I will once again enjoy clementines at the lunch table.

Elder Abuse Essay Example

Elder Abuse Essay Example Elder Abuse Essay Elder Abuse Essay Elder abuse is something that happens in every day society. In this paper you will find the history of elder abuse, the different types of abuse, case studies, statistical reports, and what can be done to improve the problem. Some may wonder why elder abuse even exists in a world that is supposed to love others. As people grow up they are taught to be kind and courteous to others, and to love one another. When elder abuse was first discovered in 1975 it was called the â€Å"granny battering† (Fulmer, 2005). Elder abuse was first researched in the 1980’s. According to Jeffels (2010), â€Å"granny battering† was named by A. A. Baker. This was when elder abuse was first recognized as a social problem. Some states in America began to deal with the problem. It took until 1989 for anything major to be done. This was when an old meeting report was published and was fully acknowledged in the United Kingdom. According to Parker Waichman Alonso (2007) a study was conducted at Cornell University in 2007. This study was funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and was only the second published report to look at patient to patient violence. It can be seen that it took some time for programs to fund research for elder abuse. â€Å"On March 23, the president of the United States signed into law landmark health care reform legislation (Thurston amp; Modugno, 2010),† which parts of this legislation are the following two acts. The elder abuse justice act, and the patient’s safety and abuse prevention act. The patient safety and prevention act makes it where criminal background checks will be conducted for each person looking for employment in nursing homes or other long term care facilities. According to Govtrack (2009), the elder abuse justice act is a bill to amend the Social Security Act to enhance the social security of the Nation by ensuring adequate public-private infrastructure and to resolve to prevent, detect, treat, intervene in, and prosecute elder abuse, neglect, exploitation, and for other purposes. The Elder Justice Act was first introduced on April 2, 2009 and has not yet been reported by the committee (Govtrack, 2009). This act alone should make a great impact to help elder abuse decrease. According to Govtrack (2007), the website states that the patient safety and abuse prevention act is a bill to amend titles XVIII and XIX of the Social Security Act to require screening, including national criminal history background checks, of direct patient access employees of skilled nursing facilities, nursing facilities, and other long-term care facilities and providers, and to provide for nationwide expansion of the pilot program for national and State background checks on direct patient access employees of long-term care facilities or providers. This bill was first introduced on June 7, 2007, and was reported to the community on September 10, 2008. It was never signed by the president and did not become a law (govtrack, 2007). Elder abuse does not just happen in one form, but in many forms. According to the U. S. Administration on Aging (AOA) (n. d. ), the different types of elder abuse are physical, emotional, sexual, neglect, abandonment, financial, and self neglect. The AOA clearly defines physical abuse as the use of physical force that may result in bodily injury, physical pain, or impairment. Physical abuse may include acts of violence such as hitting, beating, pushing, shoving, slapping, kicking, pinching, and burning. Inappropriate use of drugs and physical restraints, force feeding, and physical punishment of any kind also are types of physical abuse. Emotional abuse is the infliction of torture, pain, or distress through verbal or nonverbal acts. This type of abuse includes verbal assaults, insults, threats, intimidation, humiliation, and harassment. Treating an older person like an infant and giving an elder person the silent treatment are examples of emotional abuse (AOA, nd. . Sexual abuse is defined as sexual contact without consent of any kind with an elderly person. Sexual abuse may include unwanted touching, all types of sexual assault or battery, such as rape, sodomy, coerced nudity, and sexually explicit photographing (AOA, nd). Neglect is defined as the refusal or failure to fulfill any part of a person’s obligations or duties to an elder. Neglect may also include failure of a person who has fiduciary responsibilities to provide care for an elder or the failure on the part of an in-home service provider to provide necessary care. Neglect typically means the refusal or failure to provide an elderly person with such life necessities as food, water, clothing, shelter, personal hygiene, medicine, comfort, personal safety, and other essentials included in an implied or agreed-upon responsibility to an elder (AOA, nd). Abandonment is defined as the desertion of an elderly person by an individual who has taken on the responsibility for providing care for an elder, or by a person with physical custody of an elder(AOA, nd). Financial exploitation is defined as the illegal or improper use of an elder’s funds, property, or assets. Some examples may include, cashing an elderly persons checks without authorization or permission; forging an older persons signature; misusing or stealing an older persons money or possessions; coercing or deceiving an older person into signing any document; and the improper use of conservatorship, guardianship, or power of attorney(AOA, nd). Self neglect is characterized as the behavior of an elderly person that threatens his/her own health or safety. Self-neglect generally manifests itself in an older person as a refusal or failure to provide him/her with adequate food, water, clothing, shelter, personal hygiene, medication when indicated, and safety precautions. The definition of self neglect excludes a situation in which a mentally competent older person, who understands the consequences of his/her decisions, makes a conscious and voluntary decision to engage in acts that threaten his/her health or safety as a matter of personal choice (AOA, nd). Some case studies I will discuss are Hall v. Time Warner, Inc. , Bogert v. Morrison, and Ellzey v. James. Hall v. Time Warner, Inc was a California case from August 2, 2007. The television series Celebrity Justice sent a reporter and cameraman to interview Marlon Brando’s housekeeper in her nursing home, which her family sued. The trial judge refused to dismiss the complaint, and the appellate court ruled that Mr. Brando’s will and estate plan were legitimately a subject of public interest, and that the television program was exercising its First Amendment rights. The trial judge was ordered to conduct further hearings on whether the housekeeper would be likely to prevail on the merits at trial, and if not her complaints of trespass, intrusion upon seclusion, intentional infliction of emotional distress and elder abuse must be dismissed without a trial (spotlight, 2007). According to Spotlight (2007), Bogert v. Morrison was from Florida Court of Appeals on November 28, 2007. Mr. Morrison lived in New Jersey but was visiting in Reno, Nevada when he had an accident resulting in a head injury. He returned home with his partner, but his children invited him to Florida for a visit. While he was in Florida, they initiated a guardianship proceeding; his companion promptly filed a petition in New Jersey. The Florida court initially ruled that it had jurisdiction since the first case was filed there. The appellate court reversed after finding that ties to New Jersey were stronger. The appellate court ultimately agreed and ordered the lower court to reconsider whether to award judgment against the trustee of up to more than $200,000. The Margolis ase relies on an unusual state statute, but serves as a warning to spouses who act as trustee over an incapacitated spouses assets. The Ellzey v. James case is from the Mississippi Court of Appeals on November 20, 2007. Mr. Ellzey gave his longtime companion a deed to oil and mineral rights he owned, intending to hide them from the state Medicaid agency. Later he lost the unrecorded deed he had gotten her to sign returning the rights to him. He sued for return of the property, but the courts ruled that his admitted intent to defraud Medicaid prevented him from seeking equitable relief (spotlight, 2007). An Adult Protective Services survey of cases in Los Angeles County showed the types of abuse to be 28% Neglect, 26% Fiduciary abuse, 25% Psychological abuse, 21% Physical abuse. Research indicated that many abuse victims were subject to multiple types of abuse, such as a combination of physical and psychological abuse, or a combination of fiduciary abuse and neglect (LA4seniors, nd). So what can be done to help our senior citizens to live happy and not have any fear? First of all nursing homes should properly train their employees abut elder abuse and the consequences if they are caught abusing cliental. Police officers and social workers should also be trained to look for signs of elder abuse and to ask in a proper manner when signs are spotted. Maybe the general public should be instructed on elder abuse, so that people will see what is going on in our world. There are currently laws being passed to help protect our seniors, but is that really enough. What more can we do. | | * sudden changes in bank account or banking practice, including an unexplained withdrawal of large sums of money by a person accompanying the elder; * the inclusion of additional names on an elders bank signature card; * unauthorized withdrawal of the elders funds using the elders ATM card; * abrupt changes in a will or other financial documents; * unexplained disappearance of funds or valuable possessions; * substandard care being provided or bills unpaid despite the avai lability of adequate financial resources; * discovery of an elders signature being forged for financial transactions or for the titles of his/her possessions; * sudden appearance of previously uninvolved relatives claiming their rights to an elders affairs and possessions; * unexplained sudden transfer of assets to a family member or someone outside the family; * the provision of ervices that are not necessary; and * an elders report of financial exploitation. | References Administration on aging. Major types of elder abuse. Retrieved August 30, 2010 from ncea. aoa. gov/ncearoot/main_site/faq/basics/types_of_abuse. aspx Alonso, P. (2007). Nursing Home Abuse amp; Violence Among Residents Common, Yet Severely Understudied. Retrieved August 25, 2010 from yourlawyer. com/articles/read/12894 Fulmer, T. (2005). Elder Mistreatment Research Today and Tomorrow. Retrieved August 25, 2010 from www. nygec. org/uploaded_documents/AM_3_Fulmer. ppt GovTrack. us. (2007). S. 1577110th Congress: Pa tient Safety and Abuse Prevention Act. Retrieved August 30, 2010 from govtrack. us/congress/bill. xpd? bill=s110-1577 GovTrack. us. (2009). S. 795111th Congress: Elder Justice Act of 2009. Retrieved August 30, 2010 from govtrack. us/congress/bill. xpd? bill=s111-795 Jeffels, S. (2010). Elder Abuse in Britain. Retrieved August 25, 2010 from ehow. com/about_6305502_elderly-abuse-britain. html#ixzz0xeJxHD9K LA4seniors. (nd). Elder abuse and neglect. Retrieved on September 20, 2010 from la4seniors. com/elder_abuse. htm Spot Light. (2007). Spot Light on Elder Abuse. Retrieved on September 20, 2010 from http://elder-abuse-spotlight. blogspot. om/2008/02/elder-law-court-cases-from-2007-usa. html Thurston M. amp; Modugno V. (2010). Elder abuse: national tragedy. Retrieved august 2, 2010 from http://find. galegroup. com. prx-01. lirn. net/gps/infomark. do? amp;contentset=IAC-Documentsamp;type=retrieveamp;tabID=T004amp;prodId=CJ223348926amp;source=galeamp;srcprod=SP00amp;userGroupName=lirn_crevc amp;version=1. 0 S. 1577110th Co ngress: Patient Safety and Abuse Prevention Act. GovTrack. us (database of federal legislation). 2007. August 30, 2010 lt; govtrack. us/congress/bill. xpd? bill=s110-1577gt; {{cite web |url= govtrack. us/congress/bill. xpd? bill=s110-1577 title=S. 1577 |accessdate=August 30, 2010 |author=110th Congress (2007) |date=Jun 7, 2007 |work=Legislation |publisher=GovTrack. us |quote=Patient Safety and Abuse Prevention Act }} 1. S. 795111th Congress: Elder Justice Act of 2009. GovTrack. us (database of federal legislation). 2009. August 30, 2010 lt; govtrack. us/congress/bill. xpd? bill=s111-795gt; 2. {{cite web 3. |url= govtrack. us/congress/bill. xpd? bill=s111-795 4. |title=S. 795 5. |accessdate=August 30, 2010 6. |author=111th Congress (2009) 7. |date=Apr 2, 2009 8. |work=Legislation 9. |publisher=GovTrack. us 10. |quote=Elder Justice Act of 2009 11. }}

The 9 Best Criminal Justice Schools

The 9 Best Criminal Justice Schools SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you passionate about law and preventing crime?Curious about how punishment and prisons work? Then a criminal justice degreewould probably be a good fitfor you. But how can you find good criminal justice schools to apply to? In this article, we go over what criminal justice schools are, why people choose to earn degrees in the field, and how you can learn to identify top criminal justice schools, both in-person and online. We then give you a list of our picks for the nine best criminal justice schools. What Is Criminal Justice? Overview Before we look at the best criminal justice schools, let’s go over what exactly the criminal justice field entails. Criminal justice is the study of the criminal justice system, which includes law enforcement, correctional facilities and institutions (e.g., jails, prisons, and juvenile detention centers), criminal courts, and all the roles within these systems. Criminal justice degrees differ from degrees in criminology. Criminology is a social/behavioral science that focuses on the scientific study of delinquency and crime,including why people commit crimes and how we might be able to prevent them. On the other hand, criminal justice focuses more on the practical side, including what types of crimes take place, how courts and prisons work, the role of the police, etc. Despite the differences between these two fields, there's often some overlapin terms of topics and courses. Some schools offer degrees that combine both criminal justice and criminology. For example, the University of Missouri- St. Louis offersa BS in Criminology and Criminal Justice. What Are Criminal Justice Schools? For the sake of this article, we'll be defining criminal justice schools as any institutions that offer a criminal justice degree program (and usually a criminal justice department or college). You can look for criminal justice schools in a specific area of the US using the website All Criminal Justice Schools. Just type inyour zip codeto get a list of schoolsthat have criminal justice degrees. Alternatively, you can browse criminal justice schools by state onCriminal Justice Degree Schools. Criminal justice schools generally offer a mix of criminal justice degrees, which can include certificates/diplomas, associate degrees, bachelor's degrees, master’s degrees, and doctorates in criminal justice or a related field. Many criminal justice schools also have the option to earn a degree in criminal justice entirely online. This can be convenient for those who find it difficult to attend classes in-person and who would prefer the flexibility of an online program. So what exactly do you learn in a criminal justice program? You’ll usually cover topics that span the broader fields of sociology, psychology, political science, philosophy, and public administration. Most criminal justice programs require you to take classes on the American legal system, judicial administration, the police, legal issues, ethical concerns, and juvenile delinquency. Many criminal justice majors move on to a career in law enforcement. Why Go to a Criminal Justice School? Many people choose to attend criminal justice schools to not only learn about the criminal justice system, but to also get a job that utilizes the knowledge and skills they’ve acquired in their degree program. A degree in criminal justice can help prepare you for any of the following jobs: Bailiff CIA agent Correctional officer Crime scene investigator DEA agent FBI agent Fraud investigator Police officer Private detective Probation officer Secret Service agent Security guard State trooper Though many of these jobs require just a high school diploma, having an associate or bachelor's degree in criminal justice could help you stand out from candidates and raise your potential for higher wages and promotions. Moreover, some people get a bachelor’s degree in criminal justice to lay the foundation for getting a graduate degree in a related field such aslaw. The following tabledepictsthe median salaries for various criminal justice-related jobs, along with each job's minimum required degree and employment growth rate for the years 2016-2026. Data comes from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Jobs are arranged from highest salary to lowest. Note that theaverage employment growth rate is 7% for all jobs,so any job that has a rate higher than this is growing faster than average. Job Title Minimum Degree Required Median Salary (2018) Job Outlook (2016-2026) Lawyers Doctoral or professional degree $120,910 8% Sociologists Master’s or doctoral degree $82,050 1% Police and Detectives High school diploma or college degree $63,380 7% Criminal Justice and Law Enforcement Teachers, Postsecondary Master’s or doctoral degree $61,900 15% (all postsecondary teachers) Forensic Science Technicians Bachelor’s degree $58,230 17% Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists Bachelor’s degree $53,020 6% Private Detectives and Investigators High school diploma $50,090 11% Correctional Officers and Bailiffs High school diploma $44,400 -7% Security Guards and Gaming Surveillance Officers High school diploma $28,530 6% As you can see above, generally speaking, the more education you have, the higher the salary you’re likely to earn. This isn’t just true for the criminal justice field but for all fields. According to a BLS report, there's a clear trend with grad-degree holders making more money on average than bachelor's and associate degree holders. Furthermore, bachelor’s and associate degree holders typically make more than those with only a high school diploma. Which Criminal Justice Schools Should You Apply To? Now that we’ve gone over what kinds of jobs you can get with a criminal justice degree, let’s take a look at how you can figure out which criminal justice schools and programs are top-quality. A great criminal justice school will have most or all of the following qualities: A department or college specializing in criminal justice or criminology A variety of criminal justice-related classes Faculty with expertise in criminal justice and related topics, such as sociology and psychology A high graduation rate Professional and/or research opportunities Generally speaking, there is no notable difference in quality between a traditional in-person criminal justice program and an online one. If you prefer the idea of earning your bachelor’s or master’s degree online, (accredited!) criminal justice online schools can be a great choice. I suggest browsing the US News list of the best graduate online criminal justice programs to get a feel for what schools offer strong online programs. Most high-quality criminal justice schools offer equally high-quality online programs. These can be either bachelor’s or master’s programs. Note that you cannot earn a doctorate through criminal justice online schools. Any school offering this option is most likely a scam and won’t actually reward you with a legitimate doctorate. If you decide to get your criminal justice degree online, great! Just be aware that there are a few disadvantages to doing so. For one, you likely won’t get to network as much with professors and students as you would with a traditional program. Secondly, some employers might look down on an online degree (though this really depends on the employer- most should not care how you got your degree as long as it’s legitimate!). Overall, there are a lot of factors that go into picking the right criminal justice program for you.Now, let’s take a look at the best criminal justice schools, both in-person and online. The 9 Best Criminal Justice Schools, In-Person and Online There are many criminal justice schools in the US, both in-person and online. But which ones are the best? We’ve looked through several rankings lists of the best criminal justice schools to come up with our own list below ofnine top criminal justice schools. These criminal justice schools were judged primarily on the following factors: Rankings of traditional and online programs by websites such as Niche and US News Overall program/school reputation and prestige Whether or not the school has a dedicated department or school to criminal justice studies Diversity of majors and courses offered in criminal justice and related fields Breadth of faculty's areas of expertise Note that the nine criminal justice schools below are not listed in any particular order. Also, these schools include grad programs as well as online programs in criminal justice and related fields. CUNY John Jay College of Criminal Justice- New York, NY A premier criminal justice school, the CUNY John Jay College of Criminal Justice is home to 13,000 undergraduates, 41% of whom are majoring in criminal justice. Other popular majors include criminology and forensic psychology. John Jay offers many criminal justice majors,with concentrationsranging from crime control and prevention to theory and practice. Moreover, several criminal justice graduate programs are available.At the master's level, you can study criminal justice, international crime and justice, and forensic psychology, among several other related programs. At the doctoral level, your options arecriminal justice or psychology. Lastly, John Jay Online- the college’s distance-learning branch- allows you to earnan MA in either Criminal Justice or International Crime and Justice entirely online. Northeastern University- Boston, MA Established in 1967, Northeastern’s School of Criminology and Criminal Justice is a top institution for criminal justice studies. Here, students get the benefit of smaller-sized classes and have the opportunity to work directly with faculty on research projects. Professors specialize in a variety of criminal justice-related topics, from criminal law and terrorism to trafficking, juvenile justice, and incarceration. What's more, the interdisciplinary array of majors and minors allows you to combine criminal justice withother fieldssuch as computer science, psychology, cybersecurity, and political science. The school offersa criminal justice student advisory council and honor society, as well as a variety ofcriminal justice MS, JD, and PhD programs. Pennsylvania State University- University Park, PA Penn State’s Department of Sociology and Criminologyis home toone of the best criminology programs in the country (ranked #5 by US News). With this highly ranked bachelor’s program, you’ll learn everything there is to know for launching a career in criminal justice. Topics of study fall more along the lines of sociology, including why people commit crimes, the criminal justice system, and social research methods. There are two options for majors at this school: BA in Criminology, which focuses on providing students withabroad liberal arts education BS in Criminology, which helps students develop stronger science and research skills If you would prefer to major in criminal justice specifically, Penn State offers atop-ranked online Criminal Justice BS program. With this program, you’ll not only study criminology but also ethics, law, policing, alternatives to incarceration, and security. Michigan State University (Jeffness/Wikimedia Commons) Michigan State University - East Lansing, MI Another well-regardedcriminal justice school, MSU’s School of Criminal Justicegives students the option to earn a BS in Criminal Justice. This bachelor's program offers an impressive breadth of classesin topics such as criminology, investigation procedure, policing, juvenile justice, private security, corrections, violence against women, and cyber-crime. MSU also offers four study abroad programs- specificallyfor criminal justice students- in the Caribbean, Australia, Madagascar, and the Philippines. In terms of graduate study, your options include two master’s programs (in either criminal justice or forensic science) and acriminal justice doctoral program.You could alsoenroll in MSU’s online criminal justice master’s program, which is ranked #10 by US News on its online graduate criminal justice programs list. University of Cincinnati- Cincinnati, OH At UC’s School of Criminal Justice, you can major/minor in criminal justice or paralegal studies. The former is an interdisciplinary program that prepares students to work as court administrators, parole officers, criminal investigators, risk managers,etc. It isalso available entirely online, so if you can’t make it to campus, you’re in luck! In addition to these two undergraduate majors, certificates are available in the more specialized areas offorensic populations, cybersecurity, and correctional rehabilitation. UC also offersa master’s (in-person or online) and a doctoral program in criminal justice.UC is currently ranked #8 by US News for best online graduate criminal justice programs. University of California, Irvine- Irvine, CA UC Irvine’s Department of Criminology, Law, and Society offers prestigious undergraduate and graduate criminal justice programs that consistently top US News ranking lists (including Best Online Graduate Criminal Justice Programs, on which UCI is currently ranked #2). The interdisciplinary department is the only criminology department among the UC schools, and it combines the study of criminology with law and society. The faculty here specializes inan array of subject areas, including psychology and law, race and justice, and gangs and crime. The bachelor’s program in criminology, law, and society offers classes that cover a multitude of topics, such as social media and law, juvenile delinquency, law and inequality, gender and social control, and immigration and crime. It also stresses the importance of field study, often placing students in police departments, probation agencies, and public defenders’ offices. Lastly, UCI offers a doctoral program in criminology, law, and society, as well as two online master’s programs: a Master of Advanced Study in Criminology, Law, and Society; and a Master of Legal and Forensic Psychology. Sam Houston State University (J. Stephen Conn/Flickr) Sam Houston State University- Huntsville, TX Located about an hour north of Houston, Sam Houston’s College of Criminal Justice offers a large array of criminal justice courses (both in-person and online), the opportunity to study at local research institutes, and numerous criminal justice scholarships. The school has tons of undergraduate and graduate degree programs,including the following: BA/BS in Criminal Justice BA/BS in Victim Studies MA/MS in Criminal Justice MS in Forensic Science PhD in Criminal Justice You can also earn your degree online here.Criminal justice programs offered online include the BA/BS in Criminal Justice, MS in Criminal Justice, and MS in Homeland Security Management. Sam Houston is currentlyranked #3 by US Newsfor its online graduate criminal justice programs. Florida State University - Tallahassee, FL The Florida State College of Criminology and Criminal Justice is home toexcellentcriminology and criminal justice programs.Currently,FSUis ranked #6 by US News for its online graduate criminal justice programs and #5 on the list ofbest criminology schools. FSUprovides students withnumerous opportunities for real-world research through its Center for Criminology and Public Policy Research. It also works in association with the Pat Thomas Law Enforcement Academy so that students interested in becoming police officers can earn their State Officer Certifications along with their degrees. Here, you can earn a bachelor’s in criminology and criminal justice in either a traditional or online program. Master’s and doctoral degrees in criminology and criminal justice are offered too; these include a fully online master’s and a one-year MS in Criminology. University of Maryland- College Park, MD Home to the #1 ranked criminology program in the nation, UMD’s Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice is a fantastic choice for a criminal justice education. In the BA in Criminology and Criminal Justice program, students take a variety of classes, covering topics such as corrections, policing, courts and sentences, and criminological theory. UMD's master’s degree program prepares students for careers in private non-profit agencies, the government, and research institutes, while its PhD program aims to help students become criminal justice scholars and teachers. Conclusion: The Best Criminal Justice Schools Criminal justice is a popular field of study because it can open up doors to a variety of jobs in law, government, security, etc. While similar to criminology, criminal justice is more about the study of the criminal justice system itself and less about why people commit crimes. Criminal justice schools are any schools that offer a criminal justice major- and better yet, a criminal justice department or school. There are many kinds of criminal justice degrees, from associate degrees to doctorates. You can also study an array of related fields at criminal justice schools, such as criminology, criminal law, forensic science, sociology, and paralegal studies. The best criminal justice schools will have a dedicated criminal justice department, lots of criminal justice-related courses, and stellar faculty.Furthermore,criminal justice online schools can be just as good as, if not better than, traditional criminal justice schools.Soif you’d rather earn your degree online, there are plenty of options out there! Afterresearching dozens of colleges,we came up with a list of the nine best criminal justice schools. These schools are excellent options forall types of students, whether you would rather earn a bachelor’s degree or a graduate degree, or prefer to study online over in-person. In no particular order, here again are the nine best criminal justice schools: CUNY John Jay College of Criminal Justice Northeastern University Pennsylvania State University Michigan State University University of Cincinnati University of California, Irvine Sam Houston State University Florida State University University of Maryland No matter which of these schools you end up going to, you're sure to get an amazing criminal justice education! What’s Next? Lots of people who study criminal justice go into criminal law. Get the rundown ofhow pre-law works and what you can do to prepare for law school, one step at a time. Want more lists of the best schools and programs?Then check outthebestpre-med schools, the best graphic design schools, and the best architecture schools.

Scientific and technological advancements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Scientific and technological advancements - Essay Example The industrial revolution led to development of new economic systems in the society that greatly affected family relationships. Prior to the Industrial Revolution families worked together in the cottage system to produce their own goods for consumption. The cottage system ensured that there were strong family ties as each person had a role to play in the production process(Stearns, 2013). The Industrial Revolution, however, introduced the factory systems that required people to work for long hours away from home. With this economic system, many family members became engaged in the industrial production process. Parents had little time to spend with their children since they had to compete for the scarce jobs in industries. The Industrial Revolution also led to development and growth of towns and cities. Industries attracted more people who sought employment opportunities. These people often settled around the industries, leading to emergence of new towns and cities. Urbanization occurred at a very rapid rate leading to emergence of various social problems including housing problems, sanitation, crime, and diseases. Urbanization soon became a major challenge to the social wellbeing of the society and a focus had to shift towards addressing the social problems that emerged as a result(Stearns, 2013). The urban centers could not support the ever-increasing population due to the limited availability of resources. The Industrial Revolution led to development of capitalism as a major economic philosophy because it lee to concentration or massive wealth among factory owners. The Industrial Revolution created space for emergence of new forms of production that required workers to improve their skills in order to use machinery and factory equipment. More people moved to seek employment opportunities in the industries as well as opening up markets for the industrial products (Mielants, 2007). The few